The 4 Temperament Model of Human Behavior was first introduced by Hippocrates 400 years before Christ. He thought the four "humours" had something to do with the chemical makeup and color of the bile in the blood. Around 190 BC, Galen identified four classic types: Choleric, Sanguine, Phlegmatic, and Melancholy Types to describe human behavior and personality insights. In 1928, William Marston changed the old Greek titles to: Dominant, Inspirational, Submissive, and Compliant.
The DISC Personality Types is now perhaps the most popular of all the models. Dr. Mels Carbonell created one of the most comprehensive online DISC computer profiles on his site: www.uniquelyyou.net . Dr. John Geier created the first paper instrument, the Performax Personal Profile System in 1977 focusing on the DISC types. Performax was eventually sold to the Carlson Learning Company (2800 Series) and again sold to InScape Publishing.
The Keirsey Temperament Sorter and Keirsey / Bates Profile also focuses on the 4 Temperament Model, but is much less popular. David Keirsey combined two of the eight types into four distinct temperament categories. His sixteen personality types, much like the Myers / Briggs assessment, describe the most common human behavior types.
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The problem with most Human Behavior Science assessments is that they tend to be ov"D, I, S,& C" letters is much more practical and simple. Using easier to remembers letters as apposed to the ancient titles is better.
The old Greek titles were popularized by Dr. Tim LaHaye in his Best Seller, The Spiritual Controlled Temperament and in Florence Littaur's book, Personality Plus. The old Greek titles have become less popular and appealing than the DISC letters, because of their archaic negativity. The term "choreric" means "angry," plus being identified as a "moody melancholy" or "flip phegmatic" is not very appealing. The title "Phegmatic" also comes from Hippocrates' teaching that this personality type is associated with the "phem" or "flem" body fluid and chemical makeup of the blood.
The 4 Temperaments have been critiziced by skeptics and self-proclaimed authorities in religious circles because of temperament types are similar to the Horoscope. Since astrology and the 4 Temperament Types both describe specific behavior, they seems to be alike. But nothing could be further from the truth. Astrology is a false science, while Astronomy is a true and validated science. For every truth there is a counterfeit and the closer the conterfeit looks like the truth, the more dargerous it becomes. Just because astrological characters and certain behavioral patterns seem similar to the 4 temperaments does not mean that the DISC Model of Human Behavior or 4 Temperaments are associated with astrology or the horoscope.
The great scientist, Isaac Newton, considered to be the father of modern science, wrote "Celestrial Mechanics" in 1666 where he destroyed any notion of astrology. He infatically said the stars are fixed in the heavens and are going to be where they are going to be when they are going to be where going to be. In other words, the alignment of stars can never predict the future or personality types. The horoscope is a fad and not validated by the scientific method, while the 4 Temperaments are observable and repeatable. Many theories and assessments have arisen to explain why people do what they do.
One of the most popular personality profiles is the Myers / Briggs Type Indicator. It uses 8 different letters to create 16 different types, rather than the more simple 4 DISC letters. The Uniquely You Profile was one of the first profiles created after the Performax Personal Profile. Since then several "similar" profiles have been created by those trainer by Dr. Carbonell. Two of the most similar profiles were created by Dr. Robert Rohm, Personality-Insights and Steve McSwain, PLACE Ministries.
Ken Vogus was the first to design a DiSC Personality Profile that focused on biblical characters. His DISCovering the Leadership Styles of Jesus was originally published by Performax Learning Systems as the Biblical Personal Profile. Another similar profile is published by the Institute For Motivation Living and Institute For Leadership Training, Sandy Kulkin, President and Founder.
Dr. Mels Carbonell was the first to combine Spiritual Gifts with the 4 DISC Personality Types. His Uniquely You Combination Spiritual Gifts and Personalities Profile is one of, if not the most popular faith-based assessment available today. He presented his Combination Spiritual Gifts and DISC Personality Profile at Saddleback Church with Pastor Rick Warren. Saddleback and Rick Warren have popularized the SHAPE Model for ministry. Many ministries and organizations now use personality profiles to improve team building, new member assimilation, networking, leadership, conflict resolution, relationships, teens, parenting styles, communication styles, and ministry involvement.
Dr. Mels Carbonell is one of the earliest pioneers in personality profiling, spiritual gifts training, and ministry placement based on one's SHAPE and human behavior science. He offers seminars, certification training, coaching, and personal consultating to those who want to improve their effectiveness as leaders, parents, mates, teachers, professionals, managers, supervisors, employers, and employees.
